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Gadolinium Gallium Garnet Substrate

Gadolinium Gallium Garnet Substrate (GGG)

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Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (GGG) Substrate

The Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (GGG) substrate is a specialized material widely used in magneto-optical film applications. It plays a critical role in optical communication devices, where Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) or Bismuth Iron Garnet (BIG) films are positioned within magnetic fields to form essential components of optical isolators.

GGG single crystal substrates are carefully selected for their ability to align with the crystal lattices of magneto-optical materials, ensuring superior epitaxial growth for YIG and BIG films. Additionally, GGG serves as a substrate material in the fabrication of microwave isolators.

Physical Properties of Gadolinium Gallium Garnet Substrate

PropertyDetails
MaterialGadolinium Gallium Garnet (GGG)
StructureCubic
Lattice (A)a = 12.376
Growth MethodCzochralski
Hardness6.0 – 7.0 (Mohs)
Purity99.95%
Melting Point1800°C
Density (g/cm³)7.09
Refractive Index1.95

Gadolinium Gallium Garnet Substrate Specifications

ParameterDetails
Sizes (mm)10×3, 10×5, 10×10, 15×15, 20×15, 20×20, Dia 2″ x 0.33 mm
Thickness0.5 mm, 1.0 mm
Polishing TypeSSP or DSP
Orientation<111>
Redirection Precision±0.5°
Edge Redirection2° (special: 1°)
Crystalline AngleCustom sizes and orientations available
Surface Roughness (Ra)≤5Å (5µm × 5µm)

Packaging of Gadolinium Gallium Garnet Substrate

GGG substrates are packaged under strict cleanroom conditions to maintain their high quality. Each substrate is enclosed in a class 100 clean bag or a wafer container within a class 1000 clean room environment to protect it from contamination during storage and transportation.

This ensures the substrates remain pristine and ready for high-precision applications in optical and microwave isolators.

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FAQ

A thin film substrate is the base material upon which thin layers of materials are deposited to create electronic, optical, or mechanical devices. The substrate provides structural support and can influence the properties of the thin film.

The choice of substrate affects the film’s structural integrity, electrical properties, and overall performance. Factors like thermal expansion coefficient, surface smoothness, and chemical compatibility are crucial considerations.

Materials such as lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO₃), magnesium oxide (MgO), and strontium titanate (SrTiO₃) are commonly used due to their lattice compatibility and thermal stability, which are essential for optimal superconducting properties.

Metal substrates offer high electrical and thermal conductivity, making them suitable for applications requiring efficient heat dissipation and electrical connectivity. However, their surface properties and potential for oxidation must be managed during deposition.

These substrates are materials that can support the growth of thin films exhibiting magnetic or ferroelectric properties, essential for applications in memory devices, sensors, and actuators.

Semiconductor substrates, such as silicon wafers, serve as the foundation for integrated circuits and various electronic components, providing the necessary electrical characteristics and structural support for device fabrication.

Gallium Nitride (GaN) substrates are pivotal for high-performance optoelectronic and power devices due to their excellent thermal conductivity, high breakdown voltage, and efficiency. They are widely used in LEDs, power transistors, and RF components.

Halide crystal substrates, composed of halide compounds, are utilized in specialized optical applications, including infrared spectroscopy and laser systems, due to their unique optical properties.
Ceramic substrates provide high thermal stability, mechanical strength, and electrical insulation, making them ideal for high-frequency and high-power applications.
Proper surface preparation, including cleaning and polishing, ensures the removal of contaminants and surface irregularities, leading to improved film adhesion, uniformity, and performance.
Yes, thin films can be deposited on flexible substrates like polymers, enabling the development of flexible electronics and wearable devices. However, challenges include managing mechanical stress and ensuring film adhesion.
Challenges include ensuring lattice matching to minimize defects, managing thermal expansion differences to prevent stress and delamination, and achieving desired electrical and optical properties for specific applications.
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