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Terbium Gallium Garnet Substrate (TGG)

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Terbium Gallium Garnet (TGG) Substrate

The Terbium Gallium Garnet (TGG) substrate is a highly effective magneto-optical material known for its large magneto-optical constant, low optical loss, and excellent thermal conductivity. It is commonly used in advanced laser systems, including multi-stage amplification, ring lasers, and seed injection lasers like YAG and Ti-doped sapphire.

TGG single crystals are particularly well-suited for manufacturing Faraday rotators and optical isolators, operating efficiently within a wavelength range of 400 to 1100 nm.

Physical Properties of Terbium Gallium Garnet Substrate

PropertyDetails
MaterialTerbium Gallium Garnet (TGG)
StructureCubic
Lattice (A)a = 12.376
Growth MethodCzochralski
Hardness6.0 – 7.0 (Mohs)
Purity99.95%
Melting Point1800°C
Density (g/cm³)7.09
Refractive Index1.95

Terbium Gallium Garnet Substrate Specifications

ParameterDetails
Sizes (mm)10×3, 10×5, 10×10, 15×15, 20×15, 20×20, Dia 2″ x 0.33 mm
Thickness0.5 mm, 1.0 mm
Polishing TypeSSP or DSP
Orientation<111>
Redirection Precision±0.5°
Edge Redirection2° (special: 1°)
Crystalline AngleCustom sizes and orientations available
Surface Roughness (Ra)≤5Å (5µm × 5µm)

Packaging of Terbium Gallium Garnet Substrate

TGG substrates are packaged under stringent cleanroom conditions to maintain their superior quality. They are securely enclosed in class 100 clean bags or wafer containers and handled within class 1000 clean rooms to prevent contamination during storage and transport.

This ensures that the substrates remain in pristine condition, ready for demanding applications in laser systems and optical isolators.

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FAQ

A thin film substrate is the base material upon which thin layers of materials are deposited to create electronic, optical, or mechanical devices. The substrate provides structural support and can influence the properties of the thin film.

The choice of substrate affects the film’s structural integrity, electrical properties, and overall performance. Factors like thermal expansion coefficient, surface smoothness, and chemical compatibility are crucial considerations.

Materials such as lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO₃), magnesium oxide (MgO), and strontium titanate (SrTiO₃) are commonly used due to their lattice compatibility and thermal stability, which are essential for optimal superconducting properties.

Metal substrates offer high electrical and thermal conductivity, making them suitable for applications requiring efficient heat dissipation and electrical connectivity. However, their surface properties and potential for oxidation must be managed during deposition.

These substrates are materials that can support the growth of thin films exhibiting magnetic or ferroelectric properties, essential for applications in memory devices, sensors, and actuators.

Semiconductor substrates, such as silicon wafers, serve as the foundation for integrated circuits and various electronic components, providing the necessary electrical characteristics and structural support for device fabrication.

Gallium Nitride (GaN) substrates are pivotal for high-performance optoelectronic and power devices due to their excellent thermal conductivity, high breakdown voltage, and efficiency. They are widely used in LEDs, power transistors, and RF components.

Halide crystal substrates, composed of halide compounds, are utilized in specialized optical applications, including infrared spectroscopy and laser systems, due to their unique optical properties.
Ceramic substrates provide high thermal stability, mechanical strength, and electrical insulation, making them ideal for high-frequency and high-power applications.
Proper surface preparation, including cleaning and polishing, ensures the removal of contaminants and surface irregularities, leading to improved film adhesion, uniformity, and performance.
Yes, thin films can be deposited on flexible substrates like polymers, enabling the development of flexible electronics and wearable devices. However, challenges include managing mechanical stress and ensuring film adhesion.
Challenges include ensuring lattice matching to minimize defects, managing thermal expansion differences to prevent stress and delamination, and achieving desired electrical and optical properties for specific applications.
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